How to Reduce the Risk of Vaginal Cancer

Name: Advanced Cancer Treatment Centers (ACTC)
Address: 15211 Cortez Blvd., Brooksville, FL, 34613, US
Telephone: 352-345-4565

March 05, 2026

Vaginal cancer is rare and not commonly discussed, so worrying about it is understandable. Our goal is to provide clear, evidence-based information on what vaginal cancer is, what symptoms to watch for, risk factors, and practical steps to lower your risk.

What is Vaginal Cancer?

Vaginal cancer starts in the vaginal tissue, most often in the lining, and it is uncommon compared with other female genital cancers.

Some types are more common than others, and they require different medical attention. Though rare, vaginal cancer can spread to nearby organs if left unmanaged.

Signs and Symptoms of Vaginal Cancer

Early vaginal cancer often causes no noticeable symptoms, but some warning signs may appear. Many of these symptoms can be caused by conditions other than cancer, but it is important to talk with a clinician if they persist.

Common signs people notice include:

• Unusual vaginal bleeding (e.g., between periods or after menopause)
• A new lump or growth in the vaginal area
• Abnormal discharge or unusual odor
• Pain during intercourse or pelvic discomfort

Other possible changes to discuss with a clinician:

• Painful urination
• Blood in urine or stool (especially in advanced cases)
• Persistent itching or irritation

What Increases the Risk of Vaginal Cancer?

Risk factors for vaginal cancer

Certain factors are linked with a higher chance of developing vaginal cancer, although having one or more does not mean a person will get the disease. Below are some of the risk factors.

Health and age-related factors:

Being older (risk increases with age)
A history of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection that has persisted over time
Precancerous cell changes in the vagina or cervix
A weakened immune system, such as from HIV infection

Exposure and medical history:

Prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES), a hormone once prescribed during pregnancy

HPV infections are common and often clear on their own, but long-lasting infections with certain HPV types can raise the risk of vaginal and other gynecologic cancers.

Three Ways to Reduce Vaginal Cancer Risk

3 ways to reduce the risk of vaginal cancer

There’s no routine screening test specifically for vaginal cancer in people without symptoms, but several proactive steps are linked to lower risk or earlier detection of abnormalities that could lead to cancer.

Here are some of the things you can do to reduce your risk of vaginal cancer:

1. Stay up to date with gynecologic care: Pelvic exams and recommended screenings (such as Pap and HPV testing for cervical health) help clinicians detect concerning changes early.
2. Protect against HPV : Using condoms can reduce (but not eliminate) the chance of acquiring HPV. The HPV vaccine protects against the types of HPV that most often cause vaginal, cervical, and vulvar cancers and is recommended before exposure to the virus.
3. Avoid tobacco use: Smoking is linked with a higher risk of HPV-related cancers and many other health problems. Quitting smoking supports your overall immune health and may help your body clear infections more efficiently.

Vaginal cancer is uncommon, but understanding symptoms, factors that increase risk, and steps you can take may help lower risk or catch concerning changes early.

Talk with your health care provider about your individual risk and what screenings or preventive measures are appropriate for you.

For assistance with this disease, contact Advanced Cancer Treatment Centers at 352-345-4565 or book an appointment.

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